{"id":4014,"date":"2026-09-27T09:18:28","date_gmt":"2026-09-26T23:18:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/invictusheastg.wpenginepowered.com\/resources\/monotropism-autism\/"},"modified":"2026-10-07T12:53:32","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T02:53:32","slug":"monotropism-autism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/invictushealth.com.au\/hi\/resources\/monotropism-autism\/","title":{"rendered":"Monotropism: a helpful way to understand autistic attention"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; module_class=&#8221;ih-post&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;24px||40px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;90%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221;  global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<style>.ih-post a{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:2px}.ih-post a:hover{color:#D89B2A}.ih-post ul,.ih-post ol{padding-left:1.4em;margin-bottom:1.2em}.ih-post li{margin-bottom:.45em}.ih-post h2{margin-top:1.6em;padding-bottom:.35em}.ih-post h3{margin-top:1.2em;padding-bottom:.3em}.ih-post table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:1em 0 1.6em;font-size:15px;background:#fff;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden}.ih-post th{background:#1C386D;color:#fff;text-align:left;padding:10px 12px;font-weight:600}.ih-post td{padding:10px 12px;border-top:1px solid #E8EBF0;vertical-align:top}.ih-post blockquote{border-left:4px solid #D89B2A;background:#fff;padding:16px 20px;border-radius:0 12px 12px 0;margin:1.2em 0}.ih-keypoints ul{list-style:none!important;padding-left:0!important}.ih-keypoints li{list-style:none!important}.ih-keypoints li{position:relative;padding-left:30px}.ih-keypoints li:before{content:\"\";position:absolute;left:0;top:.55em;width:14px;height:14px;border-radius:50%;background:#D89B2A}.ih-post ol{list-style:decimal!important}.ih-refs ol{font-size:14px;line-height:1.6}.ih-refs li{word-break:break-word}.ih-related a{display:block;background:#fff;border:1px solid #E8EBF0;border-radius:12px;padding:14px 18px;margin-bottom:10px;text-decoration:none;font-weight:600}.ih-related a:hover{border-color:#D89B2A;color:#1C386D}.ih-cta p{color:#fff}@media(max-width:600px){.ih-post table{display:block;overflow-x:auto}}<\/style>\n<p>[\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Montserrat||||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.75em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Montserrat|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;26px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Montserrat|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.35em&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#1C386D&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;19px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.7em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||32px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Monotropism is a theory of autistic attention developed by autistic and non-autistic researchers. It suggests that autistic people tend to focus their attention deeply on a small number of things at once, rather than spreading it across many.<\/p>\n<p>Many autistic adults say monotropism helps them make sense of their lives. It can explain deep interests, the joy of flow, difficulty switching tasks and overwhelm in busy places. This guide explains the idea, what the research says, and practical ways to use it.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Montserrat||||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.75em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Montserrat|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;26px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Montserrat|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.35em&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#1C386D&#8221; module_class=&#8221;ih-keypoints&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;22px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;28px|32px|20px|32px|false|false&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||16px||false|false&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|16px|16px|16px|16px&#8221; border_width_left=&#8221;4px&#8221; border_color_left=&#8221;#D89B2A&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin-top:0\">Key points<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Monotropism describes attention that flows deeply into a few interests at a time.<\/li>\n<li>The theory was developed by Dinah Murray, Mike Lesser and autistic researcher Wenn Lawson.<\/li>\n<li>It helps explain deep interests, flow, autistic inertia and sensory overwhelm.<\/li>\n<li>Research is growing, but it is a way of understanding autism, not a diagnostic test.<\/li>\n<li>Practical supports include warnings before transitions, protected focus time and one channel of communication at a time.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Montserrat||||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.75em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Montserrat|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;26px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Montserrat|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.35em&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#1C386D&#8221;  global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>What monotropism is<\/h2>\n<p>Monotropism was set out in a 2005 paper by Dinah Murray, Mike Lesser and Wenn Lawson. The authors argued that differences in how attention is shared out are central to autism. They drew on research, the diagnostic criteria and the lived experience of autistic people, including one of the authors (<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1362361305051398\">Murray and colleagues, 2005<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>The idea is often explained using two words:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Monotropic attention<\/strong> is drawn strongly into a few things at a time. People sometimes describe this as an attention tunnel.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Polytropic attention<\/strong> is spread more widely across many things at once.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Everyone sits somewhere on this range. The theory suggests autistic people tend to be more monotropic. When something holds a monotropic person&#8217;s attention, it can hold it very deeply. Things outside that focus may get little attention at all.<\/p>\n<h3>Why many autistic people find it helpful<\/h3>\n<p>Monotropism came from autistic experience, and one of its authors is autistic. It describes a different way of attending to the world rather than a list of deficits. Many autistic adults say it gives them words for things they had always felt but could not explain, such as why an interrupted task feels so hard to return to.<\/p>\n<p>This article uses identity-first language, such as autistic people, because many autistic people prefer it. Some people prefer person-first language, such as person with autism, and both choices deserve respect.<\/p>\n<h2>What monotropism helps explain<\/h2>\n<h3>Deep interests and flow<\/h3>\n<p>Many autistic people have intense interests that bring joy, calm and expertise. In a study of 24 autistic adults, participants described being fully immersed in tasks, in a state that closely matched ideas of flow and monotropism. They found it hard at times to find the balance with the rest of life. They were also glad to be immersed, because they felt they could be themselves (<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/aut.2023.0032\">Rapaport and colleagues, 2024<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h3>Switching tasks<\/h3>\n<p>If your attention is deeply invested in one thing, moving it somewhere else takes real effort. Autistic people often call this autistic inertia. In a related study, autistic adults described difficulty starting and stopping tasks as something that affected them every single day (<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13623613231198916\">Rapaport and colleagues, 2023<\/a>).<\/p>\n<h3>Sensory experiences<\/h3>\n<p>A sound, light or texture that enters your attention tunnel may feel very strong. Meanwhile, things outside the tunnel might be missed entirely. This may help explain why busy places can be so tiring.<\/p>\n<h3>Skills that change from day to day<\/h3>\n<p>Autistic people often say their planning and organisation skills vary a lot. In a study of 12 autistic teenagers and 7 of their mothers, participants said these skills changed from one situation to the next. They depended on how motivated the person was by the task and how anxious they felt at the time (<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13623613231224093\">Kenny and colleagues, 2024<\/a>). This fits with monotropism, where tasks that connect with current interests draw attention more easily.<\/p>\n<h3>Conversation and change<\/h3>\n<p>Group conversations ask you to track many people, words, faces and tones at once. That can be draining for a monotropic mind. Sudden changes of plan can also be distressing, because they pull attention away from where it was invested.<\/p>\n<h2>What the research says<\/h2>\n<p>Monotropism has become widely known in the autistic community, and research on it is growing. Several studies have used it to explain autistic experiences of attention, flow and inertia.<\/p>\n<p>The findings are not all simple. A 2025 study of autistic and non-autistic adolescents found that autistic participants and their caregivers reported more hyperfocus on questionnaires. However, some laboratory tasks did not show the same difference. The authors suggested that tightly controlled lab tasks may not capture real-world autistic attention well (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S3050656525001555\">Dwyer and colleagues, 2025<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>Monotropism is a way of understanding autism. It is not a diagnostic test, and autism is diagnosed through a comprehensive clinical assessment.<\/p>\n<h3>Monotropism and ADHD<\/h3>\n<p>Hyperfocus and difficulty directing attention are also common in ADHD. People who are both autistic and ADHD (AuDHD) may notice a mix, such as deep focus on interests alongside distractibility with everything else. The ideas in this article may still be useful, even though monotropism was first described for autism. If you are wondering about both, our <a href=\"\/services\/adhd-asd\/\">ADHD and autism assessments<\/a> page explains the options.<\/p>\n<h2>Monotropism and the double empathy problem<\/h2>\n<p>Monotropism is often discussed alongside the double empathy problem. This idea, described by autistic researcher Damian Milton, suggests that communication problems between autistic and non-autistic people run both ways, rather than sitting only with the autistic person.<\/p>\n<p>Research supports this. In one study, information was passed along chains of autistic people as well as along chains of non-autistic people. In mixed chains, much less information was shared, and people reported lower rapport (<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1362361320919286\">Crompton and colleagues, 2020<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>Together, these ideas shift the focus from fixing the autistic person to improving understanding on both sides.<\/p>\n<h2>Putting monotropism into practice<\/h2>\n<h3>For yourself<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Protect blocks of focus time, and batch small tasks together.<\/li>\n<li>Set a warning alarm before you need to switch, then a second alarm to move.<\/li>\n<li>Use a short transition routine, such as a walk or a drink of water, between tasks.<\/li>\n<li>Use your interests as a way into other tasks where you can.<\/li>\n<li>Plan recovery time after days with lots of switching, noise or social contact.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>For families, friends and workplaces<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Give notice of changes, and explain the reason.<\/li>\n<li>Avoid interrupting deep focus unless it is needed. Agree on a signal instead.<\/li>\n<li>Share information one channel at a time, such as in writing, rather than all at once.<\/li>\n<li>Send agendas before meetings, and allow time to process before asking for a response.<\/li>\n<li>Respect interests as a source of wellbeing, rather than something to reduce.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Our guide to <a href=\"\/resources\/energy-accounting-neurodivergent\/\">energy accounting<\/a> explains another practical tool many autistic adults use to manage demands and recovery.<\/p>\n<h2>How Invictus Health can help<\/h2>\n<p>If you think you may be autistic, our <a href=\"\/services\/asd-assessments\/\">autism assessments<\/a> for adults and children can help you understand your profile. You can self-refer for most assessments.<\/p>\n<p>For adults who have ADHD or are AuDHD, some of our psychologists and counsellors work with adults with ADHD and autism. You can use our <a href=\"\/about\/find-your-best-fit\/\">find a practitioner<\/a> page to choose someone who suits you.<\/p>\n<p>This article is general information. Please speak with a qualified professional about your own situation.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; module_class=&#8221;ih-post&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||40px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;90%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221;  global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_heading title=&#8221;Frequently asked questions&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;0d2e527a-4607-4ae2-8846-c79e0fe77b57&#8243; title_text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; title_font_size=&#8221;30px&#8221; title_font_size_phone=&#8221;26px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||24px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_toggle title=&#8221;Who came up with monotropism?&#8221; open_toggle_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; icon_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; open_icon_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;3c819e1c-a1df-44e0-b295-91df504cac97&#8243; title_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; body_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||16px||false|false&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;0px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{%22gcid-b0086ec0-695e-4e66-9415-2f92abceb706%22:%91%22background_color%22%93,%22gcid-primary-color%22:%91%22icon_color%22,%22title_text_color%22,%22open_toggle_text_color%22%93}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Monotropism was developed by Dinah Murray, Mike Lesser and Wenn Lawson, an autistic researcher. Their key paper, Attention, monotropism and the diagnostic criteria for autism, was published in the journal Autism in 2005. Dinah Murray died in 2021, and autistic researchers and community members continue to develop the idea.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=&#8221;Is monotropism the same as hyperfocus?&#8221; open_toggle_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; icon_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; open_icon_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;3c819e1c-a1df-44e0-b295-91df504cac97&#8243; title_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; body_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||16px||false|false&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;0px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{%22gcid-b0086ec0-695e-4e66-9415-2f92abceb706%22:%91%22background_color%22%93,%22gcid-primary-color%22:%91%22icon_color%22,%22title_text_color%22,%22open_toggle_text_color%22%93}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>They overlap but are not the same. Hyperfocus usually describes periods of very intense focus on a task. Monotropism is a broader theory about how attention is shared out. It aims to explain many parts of autistic experience, including interests, switching, sensory experiences and responses to change.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=&#8221;Is monotropism used to diagnose autism?&#8221; open_toggle_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; icon_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; open_icon_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;3c819e1c-a1df-44e0-b295-91df504cac97&#8243; title_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; body_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||16px||false|false&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;0px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{%22gcid-b0086ec0-695e-4e66-9415-2f92abceb706%22:%91%22background_color%22%93,%22gcid-primary-color%22:%91%22icon_color%22,%22title_text_color%22,%22open_toggle_text_color%22%93}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>No. Autism is diagnosed through a comprehensive assessment by qualified clinicians, using current diagnostic criteria and information about development and daily life. Monotropism is a theory that can help autistic people and those around them understand autistic experience. Many people find it gives them helpful words after a diagnosis.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=&#8221;Can non-autistic people be monotropic?&#8221; open_toggle_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; icon_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; open_icon_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;3c819e1c-a1df-44e0-b295-91df504cac97&#8243; title_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; body_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||16px||false|false&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;0px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{%22gcid-b0086ec0-695e-4e66-9415-2f92abceb706%22:%91%22background_color%22%93,%22gcid-primary-color%22:%91%22icon_color%22,%22title_text_color%22,%22open_toggle_text_color%22%93}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>The theory suggests attention styles sit on a range, so anyone can be more or less monotropic at different times. Many ADHD people describe deep focus on interests too. Monotropism describes a strong and lasting pattern that seems especially common in autistic people. It is not a label in its own right.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_toggle][et_pb_toggle title=&#8221;How can I explain monotropism to my manager or family?&#8221; open_toggle_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; icon_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; open_icon_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;3c819e1c-a1df-44e0-b295-91df504cac97&#8243; title_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; body_text_color=&#8221;#0b162b&#8221; body_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||16px||false|false&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;0px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{%22gcid-b0086ec0-695e-4e66-9415-2f92abceb706%22:%91%22background_color%22%93,%22gcid-primary-color%22:%91%22icon_color%22,%22title_text_color%22,%22open_toggle_text_color%22%93}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>You might say that your attention goes deeply into one thing at a time, so switching quickly takes more effort. Then suggest one or two practical changes, such as warnings before changes, written agendas or protected focus time. Keeping the explanation short and linked to specific requests usually helps.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_toggle][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||40px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;90%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; background_color=&#8221;gcid-primary-color&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;44px|40px|44px|40px|true|true&#8221; border_radii=&#8221;on|16px|16px|16px|16px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{%22gcid-primary-color%22:%91%22background_color%22%93}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_heading title=&#8221;Understand your profile&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; title_level=&#8221;h2&#8243; title_font=&#8221;Montserrat|600|||||||&#8221; title_text_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; title_font_size=&#8221;28px&#8221; title_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; title_text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||12px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_heading][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Montserrat||||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;17px&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;center&#8221; module_class=&#8221;ih-cta&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||20px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Our autism assessments can help you understand how your mind works and what supports may help.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_button button_url=&#8221;\/services\/asd-assessments\/&#8221; button_text=&#8221;About autism assessments&#8221; button_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;0029f5c3-2d88-4291-9b82-fcc9a95d1c64&#8243; button_border_width=&#8221;0px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;10px|28px|10px|28px|true|true&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; module_class=&#8221;ih-post&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||56px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;90%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;800px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221;  global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Montserrat||||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.75em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Montserrat|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;26px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Montserrat|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.35em&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#1C386D&#8221; module_class=&#8221;ih-refs&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||28px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"margin-top:0\">References<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Murray D, Lesser M, Lawson W. Attention, monotropism and the diagnostic criteria for autism. Autism; 2005;9(2):139-156. <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1362361305051398\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1362361305051398<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Rapaport H, Clapham H, Adams J, et al. &#8216;In a state of flow&#8217;: a qualitative examination of autistic adults&#8217; phenomenological experiences of task immersion. Autism in Adulthood; 2024;6(3):362-373. <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/aut.2023.0032\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/aut.2023.0032<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Rapaport H, Clapham H, Adams J, et al. &#8216;I live in extremes&#8217;: a qualitative investigation of Autistic adults&#8217; experiences of inertial rest and motion. Autism; 2024;28(5):1305-1315. <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13623613231198916\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13623613231198916<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Dwyer P, Sillas A, Saron CD, Rivera SM. Investigating autistic hyperfocus and monotropism: limited convergence of event-related potentials, laboratory tasks, and questionnaire responses. Research in Autism; 2025;127:202683. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S3050656525001555\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S3050656525001555<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Kenny L, Remington A, Pellicano E. Everyday executive function issues from the perspectives of autistic adolescents and their parents: theoretical and empirical implications. Autism; 2024;28(9):2204-2217. <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13623613231224093\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/13623613231224093<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Crompton CJ, Ropar D, Evans-Williams CV, et al. Autistic peer-to-peer information transfer is highly effective. Autism; 2020;24(7):1704-1712. <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1362361320919286\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1362361320919286<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font=&#8221;Montserrat||||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.75em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Montserrat|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; header_2_font_size=&#8221;26px&#8221; header_2_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Montserrat|600|||||||&#8221; header_3_text_color=&#8221;#172C57&#8243; header_3_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.35em&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#1C386D&#8221; module_class=&#8221;ih-related&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3>Related articles<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"\/resources\/autism-in-adults-signs-and-assessment\/\">Autism in adults: signs, masking and getting assessed<\/a><a href=\"\/resources\/energy-accounting-neurodivergent\/\">Energy accounting and spoon theory for neurodivergent adults<\/a><a href=\"\/resources\/autistic-burnout\/\">Autistic burnout: what it is and how to recover<\/a>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": &#91;{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who came up with monotropism?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Monotropism was developed by Dinah Murray, Mike Lesser and Wenn Lawson, an autistic researcher. Their key paper, Attention, monotropism and the diagnostic criteria for autism, was published in the journal Autism in 2005. Dinah Murray died in 2021, and autistic researchers and community members continue to develop the idea.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is monotropism the same as hyperfocus?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"They overlap but are not the same. Hyperfocus usually describes periods of very intense focus on a task. Monotropism is a broader theory about how attention is shared out. It aims to explain many parts of autistic experience, including interests, switching, sensory experiences and responses to change.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is monotropism used to diagnose autism?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"No. Autism is diagnosed through a comprehensive assessment by qualified clinicians, using current diagnostic criteria and information about development and daily life. Monotropism is a theory that can help autistic people and those around them understand autistic experience. Many people find it gives them helpful words after a diagnosis.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can non-autistic people be monotropic?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The theory suggests attention styles sit on a range, so anyone can be more or less monotropic at different times. Many ADHD people describe deep focus on interests too. Monotropism describes a strong and lasting pattern that seems especially common in autistic people. It is not a label in its own right.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How can I explain monotropism to my manager or family?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"You might say that your attention goes deeply into one thing at a time, so switching quickly takes more effort. Then suggest one or two practical changes, such as warnings before changes, written agendas or protected focus time. Keeping the explanation short and linked to specific requests usually helps.\"}}&#93;}<\/script>[\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Monotropism is an autistic-led theory of attention. It helps explain deep interests, flow, difficulty switching tasks and sensory overload, and points to practical supports.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":3040,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[185],"tags":[],"content_type":[],"class_list":["post-4014","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-adhd-autism"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.6 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Monotropism and autistic attention | Invictus Health<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Monotropism is an autistic-led theory that autistic attention flows deeply into a few interests at a time. 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